githubnet-protocol2.应用层
go, protocol
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应用层前世今生

应用层的作用

对传输层协议对再次封装，例如对tcp进行封装对http、websocket协议等，以及http3协议基于udp协议的封装等

http协议报文

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http 协议报文
GET /chat HTTP/1.1
Host: server.example.com
Upgrade: websocket
Connection: Upgrade
Sec-WebSocket-Key: dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==
Origin: http://example.com
Sec-WebSocket-Protcol: chat, superchat
Sec-WebSocket-Version: 13

websocket 协议报文

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websocket 数据帧报文

  0               1               2               3               4
  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
  +-+-+-+-+-------+-+-------------+-------------------------------+
  |F|R|R|R| opcode|M| Payload len |    Extended payload length    |
  |I|S|S|S|  (4)  |A|     (7)     |             (16/64)           |
  |N|V|V|V|       |S|             |   (if payload len==126/127)   |
  | |1|2|3|       |K|             |                               |
  +-+-+-+-+-------+-+-------------+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
  |     Extended payload length continued, if payload len == 127  |
  + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +-------------------------------+
  |                               |Masking-key, if MASK set to 1  |
  +-------------------------------+-------------------------------+
  | Masking-key (continued)       |          Payload Data         |
  +-------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
  :                     Payload Data continued ...                :
  + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +
  |                     Payload Data continued ...                |
  +---------------------------------------------------------------+